The Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare - 953 Words

Beowulf is one of the most well known pieces of literature in history. Written between 700 and 1000 AD, this poem has captured the minds of scholars, historians, and readers across the globe. However, despite the fact that it has been passed down for numerous centuries, perhaps one of its most fascinating characteristics are the intriguing battles that Beowulf, the protagonist, takes on. Throughout this epic poem, Beowulf takes on many battles, all of which are practically unwinnable. Each battle presents new obstacles for Beowulf and his men as they tackle the unthinkable. Despite the fact that the odds are turned against him, he musters up all of his strength and bravery to achieve the impossible. Through this poem, he fights Grendel, a demon from the swamp. He also fights Grendel’s mother, who approaches Beowulf craving revenge from the Danes. Lastly, he fights a dragon, who becomes angry when his treasure is stolen. Each of Beowulf’s battles provide elements that de fine Beowulf and shape him into being a different person. Fear, courage, honor, and strength all play a large part in the battles that Beowulf fights. Two of the most similar battles are the two between Grendel and his mother. Each of these battles gave Beowulf two of the most triumphant victories of his lifetime. When one looks into further detail, it is clear that these battles are very similar. For example, it is obvious that Beowulf is fighting two of the same creatures: Grendel and his mother. EachShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1549 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf is one of the earliest and most famous works of English literature, and is still widely read today. However, over a thousand years has passed since it was written down in England, and even longer since it was originally spread by word of mouth in the old norse lands, and our values and concepts of the world are radically different than the people of Beowulf’s age. Although the epic Beow ulf shows their concept of simplistic duality, in which there is only black and white, good and evil, theRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare932 Words   |  4 Pageshave the values of being kind and modest. Before Beowulf arrived to Herot he was known for his heroism, which was shown again and again during the fight with Grendel, the fight with Grendel’s mother, and his final battle with the dragon. While his heroism was shown at each of these events, there were changes in his heroic nature over time. Regardless of these changes, he was still seen as the mighty hero throughout the epic poem of Beowulf. As Beowulf was making his voyage to Herot from Geatland toRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare939 Words   |  4 Pageswithout actually writing things down. These epics would be passed from one another through verbal communication and were based around different aspects of life for a someone of Anglo-Saxon descent. The story Beowulf is a perfect example of how Anglo-Saxons based their stories around their beliefs on how a hero should behave. Around the time the story was first told, people were often terrified of the horrible things in the world. The character Beowulf was built around how a hero would be representedRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare977 Words   |  4 Pageslooking at a culture’s epic tales and heroes one can get an insight to the culture’s values and traits that are noble to them. Beowulf, as an epic hero, is a direct representation of the ideal man as seen through Anglo-Saxon eyes. In looking at the poem Beowulf an d analyzing the characteristics of the epic hero, it will become evident the desired attributes that were desired in the Anglo-Saxon culture: physical strength, pride, bravery, selflessness, and loyalty. An epic hero is a person thatRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1549 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf is one of the earliest and most famous works of English literature, and is still widely read today. However, over a thousand years has passed since it was written down in England, and even longer since it was originally spread by word of mouth in the old Norse lands, and our values and concepts of the world are radically different than the people of Beowulf’s age. Although the epic Beowulf shows their concept of simplistic duality, in which there is only black and white, good and evil, theRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare935 Words   |  4 Pageshis life for the good of others , well Beowulf was both. In the novel Beowulf , to me, the main theme of the entire story is heroism. Beowulf is your knight in shining armor or your fire fighter who goes into a living hell to save a kitten. Heroism is scattered all over this epic poem. Sure paganism and christianity are in it as well as good vs evil but they are not as i would say the backbone of Beowulf. to prove my opinion I shall gather quotes from the epic novel would strongly aid the fact thatRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1176 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen nearly fifteen movies that were made after â€Å"Beowulf†. It may be due to the fact that â€Å"Beowulf† is one of the most famous epic poems in the English Literature history. It is also the oldest surviving epic poem to date. â€Å"Beowulf† was written in 10000 AD in Old English by an author who remains unknown. In â€Å"Beowulf†, there are many important literary elements that help empathize the main motif of the poem. The motif of this poem is courage. Beowulf is about courage and it is shown through the charactersRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1401 Words   |  6 PagesAnglo-Saxon focus qualities. A champion amongst the most prestigious works from that time period is Beowulf. The story tells us of how one man, Beowulf, sails to the rescue of King Hrothgar and his kinfolk remembering the final objective to extra them from a horrifying beast that is undermining their lives and additionally their way of life. The warrior Beowulf without a doubt demonstrates characteristics of an epic legend through valor, dedication, generosity, family relationship, accomplishing somethingRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1836 Words   |  8 PagesBeowulf is one in a sea of many epic poems exemplifying battle, glory, great leaders, and, inevitably, death. Classic plot lines have followed the general flow of such stories from exposition to conflict to resolution, the majoity thriving off of a hero-villan mentality. The battle between good and evil has been perpetuated throughout history in literature and story. The media today suffers from the clear segregation of right and wrong just as much as society did in the days that Beo wulf was firstRead MoreThe Heroes Of The Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1292 Words   |  6 PagesEpics consists of benevolent or disastrous intervention from the supernatural world, and the superhuman capabilities that the heroes and antiheroes occupy. Tales like these represent the characteristics of what heroes are considered to be during the time they were written; however, they follow a specific formula, namely that the Gods intervene in the lives of the hero and, that the hero is burdened with a tragic flaw. In Virgil’s Aeneid, it is Aeneas’ dangerous disobedience to the ordinances of the

Consumerism and Faith - 979 Words

In today’s world, people in general like to keep up with the latest things such as gadgets like the iPhone. They tend to spend an ample amount of time on their gadgets or whatever the latest item is instead of dedicating their time to the more important things. During family dinners, everyone is usually on their phones. People may prefer to spend a day at the mall instead of volunteering. High credit card bills can result from spending so much money on the new things rather than paying bills. The social pressure to keep up with these material items has an effect on quality bonding time which has an effect on money. Consumerism actually sets a person against oneself because of the never-ending mission to acquire material objects†¦show more content†¦When faith is dynamic, the individual needs to understand that the future is uncertain and is taken over by faith. When faith is non-dynamic, the person is not considering the uncertain future. When a person has fai th in an object or an idea, the person’s main concern is that same object or idea. For instance, football players may have faith that their team gets a win therefore their primary concern would be winning the game. People need to have faith in things that have some moral value to it that ultimately builds better character values in an individual. Winning a football game would be something that has moral value because it inspires the team to come together and work as a group in order to attain a win. Something like acquiring the latest pair of sneakers would not qualify for having some moral value. Having faith in such materialistic objects does not necessarily increase a person’s integrity or sense of honor. Self-esteem may increase, but overall their morals remain unchanged. An object or idea that a person has faith in has great value to them; however, that person’s definition of great value does not match the amount of moral value that faith requires. Tillich says, to have faith in something, one must know the dynamics of faith (270). A person’s definition of faith does not always match up with what faith actually means. The object the person may have much interest in has a great deal of meaning to them, but it is actually irrelevant when itShow MoreRelatedThe Christian Disciple, A Follower Of Jesus1217 Words   |  5 PagesThe Christian disciple is a follower of Jesus who pursues morality through a life of faith and obedience to Christ and His teachings. The faithful disciple places absolute trust in God while he embarks on a quest for a fulfilling life rich in virtue and happiness. Discipleship specifically emphasizes a simplistic lifestyle focused on rejecting consumerism and giving to those in need. In practicing asceticism, however, a follower of Jesus is faced with the decision between two separate Christian lifestyles:Read MoreThe Mall Of America By David Guterson Essay1680 Words   |  7 Pagesraw numbers, it w ould seem malls have the biggest global congregation of all, beating out Christianity, Islam, and, yes, even Disneyism. The Mall is one of the primary locations where devotees of the religion of consumerism practice their faith. To be honest, I really should say â€Å"my faith† here –I admit I am not immune to the lure of a good mall! Anyhow, while mall shopping has been supplanted by internet shopping and other cultural trends since the 80’s, or the ‘era of the mall’ (view Valley GirlRead MoreConsumerism Essay1620 Words   |  7 PagesConsumerism – Bruce Dawe Poetry || 2009 Every society has mythology. In some societies, it’s religion. Our religion is consumerism. As we are constantly exposed to mass media and popular culture in our modern society, the insidious nature of consumerism has allowed it to penetrate into every aspect of our lives, dictating our very beliefs, values and wants. Nearly every individual in our society subconsciously conforms to the shallow and superficial mindset that characterises our consumerist cultureRead MoreConsumerism in Children1448 Words   |  6 PagesFelicia Gardner HMXP 102 Dr. Matthew Fike October 13, 2010 Consumerism In Children Introduction When I was two years old my mother enrolled me in gymnastics. Gymnastics was a huge part of my life for the next four years. After moving up to be with the fourteen and fifteen year olds my mother realized that something was not right, because I was having body issues at the age of six. In the text â€Å"How Do Our Children Get So Caught Up In Consumerism† by Brian Swimme he addresses the issue of how deeply affectedRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1113 Words   |  5 Pagesswept americans to become part of a â€Å"consumer society†. Throughout this period of time, F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote many modernist novels, including The Great Gatsby, in which he critiques the downfall of the 1920’s society through religion and consumerism.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ Fitzgerald adresses the idea of spirituality and religion in a very subtle way: the characters’s actions and qualities convey the lack of morals and their unbalanced values. Society’s m iddle and upper-class lives in excess, pleasure, and madnessRead MoreEssay about 1950s in the U.S.1172 Words   |  5 PagesThe 1950’s in the United States of America were characterized by a strong fear of communism, growing consumerism due to a healthy and fast growing postwar industry and the belief that the nuclear family is the heart of the American society. If we examine these three ideologies closer and oppose them to Stephanie Coontz opinion expressed in her essay â€Å"Leave It to Beaver and Ozzie and Harriet: American Families in the 1950s,†, we see that many myths existed about the 1950’s. After World War TwoRead MoreEssay on Consumerism526 Words   |  3 Pageswalk through Macys or Lord or Taylor or any major store in Oct. and notice the Christmas decorations. Thats right, Christmas decorations. `Tis the season to break the bank. Our capitalistic society is always looking for a reason for driving consumerism and what better reason than a holiday! If theres a month without one, well make one up...just so we have some reason to put some useless piece of crap on sale. What ever happened to all the traditional values that are at the core of all or mostRead MoreEthical Implications Of Ethical Consumerism1552 Words   |  7 Pages â€Æ' 1.0 Ethical Consumerism 1.1 Definition The term Ethical consumerism, means that more customers prefer to purchase goods that are obtained ethically, made ethically and distributed ethically. According to Jacqueline Payne (2012), â€Å"An ethical consumer is someone who buys things that are produced ethically. Depending on the context, ethical production may mean producing something that is recycled, using labour that is produced in facilities without the use of slavery and child labour, or processingRead MoreEssay on American Culture: Individualism1091 Words   |  5 Pagesthe â€Å"American culture,† images of Coca-Cola, hot dogs, baseball games, big cars and suburban mansions come to mind. But there is a deeper side to American culture than Hollywood and Disney World. Underneath the layers of TV advertising and hyper-consumerism, there is a cultural DNA that makes America what it is. Here is a brief look at several cultural â€Å"genes† that influence the way Americans think and act. Individualism Individualism is a way of life by which a person places his or her own desiresRead MoreThe Prisoners in Platos Allegory of the Cave1116 Words   |  4 PagesAt the worker level, there are many hardships. They are forced to work and pay taxes. Like the prisoners in Platos Cave, they dont know what is capitalism and consumerism. They might have heard of the word but the level above them have kept a strict circulation of information about it. Happiness is success to them. They think of success as being promoted to the upper level. It could be done by producing an heir that helps them escape or through their own hard work. Platos Cave refer to this level

The Nature and Nurture Controversy Free Essays

Briefly summarize the approaches to the nature and nurture controversy. Provide two examples of nature and two examples of nurture and explain their influence on your own development. Evaluate the impact of each and explain which you believe had more of an impact and why. We will write a custom essay sample on The Nature and Nurture Controversy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Your initial post must be at least 300 words in length. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts with critical thought. Classmate responses must be at least 100 words in length and posted by Day 7. Nature vs.. Nurture is a controversy suggesting that our development is either from tauter or nurture. Nature being biological reasons such as DNA or it being hereditary. While Nurture is brought on by our environment family, and or experiences. It is difficult to say one plays a bigger role in my upbringing than the other. For example I have my father’s big brown eyes but my views are entirely different than his. I look like my mother and have a similar personality but don’t think it is because of my genes we are alike. Then we have how nurture Impacted my development. I became pregnant at age 16 and was normal since where I lived at the mime- Los Angles was not foreign to It. Growing up In a big city such as Los Angles you tend to grow up faster and more prone to hang out with the wrong crowds. I grew up with my two siblings a brother and an older sister who are very different although we were raised In the same environment. My older sister finished high school on time and had her first child at age 22. My younger brother also finished high school on time and decided to continue onto college. As for myself I married at age 16 and was not able to finish high school with my class. Although both play a huge role on my personality I believe that nurture had a bigger effect In my personal life. Nature can also play a role In a person’s life such as a disability that was Inherited but my opinion can be easily overcome by nurture by Ignoring your disability or living a certain way. Either way both nature and nurture play an Important role In ones life regardless of which one has a bigger Impact. The Nature and Nurture Controversy By Familiars it is because of my genes we are alike. Then we have how nurture impacted my time- Los Angles was not foreign to it. Growing up in a big city such as Los Angles although we were raised in the same environment. My older sister finished high huge role on my personality I believe that nurture had a bigger effect in my personal life. Nature can also play a role in a person’s life such as a disability that was inherited but my opinion can be easily overcome by nurture by ignoring your important role in ones life regardless of which one has a bigger impact. How to cite The Nature and Nurture Controversy, Papers

Does Greene raise his characters from mere functions in a detective novel to characters whose motivations are believable Essay Example For Students

Does Greene raise his characters from mere functions in a detective novel to characters whose motivations are believable? Essay Does Greene raise his characters from mere functions in a detective novel to characters whose motivations are believable? Use two characters to illustrate your argument. Brighton Rock, by Graham Greene, is a book based in 1930s underworld Brighton. The novel is based on the tale of Pinky, a teenage gangster, and his conflict against an amateur detective, Ida, who is intent on bringing Pinky to justice. In many ways Brighton Rock can be classed as a detective novel as it contains certain elements of this particular style of writing. Features characteristically used in such novels include thriller elements, violence and rapidly paced action, all of which are present in Brighton Rock. In a detective novel, the crime which is committed is apparently perfect. The murder of Hale in the book is so cleverly done that the police put it down as an accidental death. There is also usually an amateur detective, in this case Ida, and the detectives side-kick, Phil Corkery. To conclude the story, the characters come together in a denoument à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" another typical feature of a detective novel. In this way Brighton Rock can be classified as a detective piece of writing. In the book, however, are the characters created so that they become believable individuals in their own right, or do they simply remain as stereotypical functions, merely existing for the sole purpose of taking part in a plot. Pinky, the central character in the book, is a seventeen year old gangster who is in charge of his own mob, and frequently carries out violent and cruel criminal acts. He is an intelligent young man but is mentally quite na?ve and child-like in his attitude towards love and sex. We, the reader, first meet Pinky in the very first chapter of the book although we do not find out his name until the second chapter. The first mention of Pinky is a physical description of the boy: He had a fair smooth skin, the faintest down, and his grey eyes had an effect of heartlessness like those of an old man in whom human feeling has died. p. 8 This initial description gives a lot of information about Pinkys character straight away. The smooth skin and faintest down give an indication of how young and child-like Pinky is, almost giving him an air of innocence. The grey eyes, however, show that Pinky is not just a young man, but that the other side of his character is much older, maybe because he has seen things that children should not see. Pinky is also very religious, believing strongly in the Catholic faith. Themes in the book, such as sin, damnation and salvation stem from this intense religious belief. Jelaousy is another theme which is central to Pinky; he is jealous of the other mob members experience in love and sex because he feels like they know more than him, and he is also jealous of Colleoni, a much more successful and powerful mob leader than Pinky. The reader is told a lot less about Colleoni in the book, but although he is a minor character, he plays an important part in highlighting Pinkys weaknesses and shortcomings as a gangster and mob leader. In contrast with Pinky, Colleoni has a lot of money and doesnt have to do the dirty work that Pinky does; he just gets his mob to do what he wants for him. The physical descriptions of Colleoni demonstrate the differences in the two gangsters. Mr. Colleoni came across an acre of deep carpet from the Louis Seize writing room, walking on tiptoe in glace shoes. p. 63 Pinky is jealous of the respect Colleoni receives from his mob, the money Colleoni has and the fact that Colleoni patronises Pinky by talking to him as a father would à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" offering advice and gentle warnings not to mess around with him and his mob because Pinky is still a child. .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb , .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .postImageUrl , .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb , .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:hover , .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:visited , .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:active { border:0!important; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:active , .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u758bed3664ffed500cdc6af65decc0fb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Bill Of Rights EssayPinky must also feel intimidated by the image Colleoni portrays of the typical rich, Italian gangster type. His old Italianate face showed few emotions but a mild amusement, a mild friendliness; but suddenly sitting there in the rich Victorian room, with the gold lighter in his pocket and the cigar case on his lap, he looked as a man might look who owned the whole world

Jenica Henry Essays - Restoration Comedy, The Way Of The World

Jenica Henry Honors English22-001 Dr. Ross Wheeler Paper1 Draft 1 The Way of the World is a comedy of manners in five acts by William Congreve. Performed and published in 1700 the play ridicules the assumptions that governed the society of his time, especially those concerning love and marriage. The plot concerns the efforts of the lovers Millamant and Mirabell to obtain the permission of Millamant's aunt, Lady Wishfort, for their marriage. Despite a scheme that goes wrong and after several misunderstandings are cleared up, the two finally obtain her consent. This essay will discuss the actions of Mrs. Marwood. Though she is a minor character, her motives in the play lead her to help in the distruction of Mirabell's scheme. In the second act we find that Mrs. Fainall and Mrs. Marwood both hate men. As they begin to conspire, we see Marwood's manipulative abilities going to work, convincing Mrs. Fainall that she should divorce her husband. In Public the Fainall's seem to get along, they even seem to be able to tolerate one another. However, following their short interactions, both husband and wife go off with a lover, either past or present. Fainall went off with Mrs. Marwood, the woman he loves, and Mrs. Fainall went off with Mirabell, one of her long time lovers before her marriage. This pairing off did not truly bother either of the Fainall's in that since niether loved the other, they did not feel loyal to each other. Their marrage was based solely on image and in no way love. Therefore they did not feel guilty about being with the person they loved most in the world. Through these conversations, the plot to wed Mirabell and Millamant is revealed to the audience. This seems to be a long and intricate plan with a lot of things depending on the reactions of Lady Wishfort and the secrecy of the plot. Unfortunately, Mrs. Marwood sees Foible conversing with Mirabell and for a moment, all seems lost, but Foible convinces Lady Wishfort that she did not speak to Mirabell volutarily and that he coerced her into speaking with him. She also told Lady Wishfort that Mirabell had insulted her, which made Lady Wishfort extremely mad and so she desired to seek revenge on such a bold and stubborn man. She was willing to do almost anything to keep Mirabell from inheriting his uncle's fortune, even go so far as to marry the unknown uncle herself. Ironically, the plan is almost foiled again when Mrs. Marwood overhears the entire plan as Mrs. Fainall speaks with Foible. In order to work against the plot without directly coming out and uncovering it, Marwood plants opposing thoughts into the mind of Lady Wishfort, and so in this way, undermining the efforts of Mirabell and Foible. Mrs. Marwoods intention are to help Fainall extort money out of Lady Wishfort. In addition to advising Lady Wishfort, Marwood plans to use Fainall to get back at Lady Wishfort, Millamant, and Mirabell. She writes a letter that reveals to Lady Wishfort the entire plan including Waitwell's impersonation of Sir Rowland, and even Millamants involvement with the unapproved contract. However, during this time, Lady Wishfort is encourageing Millamant to become involved with Sir Wilfull, but Millamant is only interested in Mirabell. Finally, Lady Wishfort is courted by Sir Rowland, all is going well until the letter arrives. When Lady Wishfort reads the letter, she is confused and shocked at first. Waitwell tries to justify the letter and so offers to prove his identity as Sir Rowland. However, since Fainall knew about Marwood's plan to use the letter, he was waiting to arrest Waitwell. Lady Wishfort in turn was scolding Foible and proceeded to basically throw her out of her home. Over the next few moments, all of the inter-relationships that had been hidden throughout the play were uncovered as Fainall attempted to legally pressure Lady Wishfort into turning over her fortune to her daughter and therefore giving the money to him. Without fail, Mirabell comes to the rescue with a legal document that turns over all moneys to himself, signed and witnessed by persons who were present. So in the end, Mirabell is allowed to marry Millamant as a reward for saving Lady Wishfort's fortunes. This play was very interesting and difficult to understand in the beginning, but as the plot began to unfold and the relationships began to be discovered, the story was a little more understandable. The characters themselves were not necessarily deep, but the inter-relationships were important to the

Task Centered And Crisis Intervention Evaluation Social Work Essay Essays

Task Centered And Crisis Intervention Evaluation Social Work Essay Essays Task Centered And Crisis Intervention Evaluation Social Work Essay Essay Task Centered And Crisis Intervention Evaluation Social Work Essay Essay Choose a societal work intercession, measure its theoretical roots and influences and compare it to at least one other attack. Describe briefly how you would use your chosen attack in work with a service user or carer group and measure its effectivity. Use at least one piece of research to inform your rating. You will necessitate to show the ability to observe, understand and measure potency for favoritism by and large with peculiar accent on two specific countries. This paper will measure the theoretical roots and influences of two psychological societal work intercession theories task-centred and crisis intercession. They will be applied to pattern with a kids and household scene. The possible for each intercession to know apart on the evidences of age and race will be demonstrated and evaluated. Both theories will be contrasted and evaluated in footings of their strengths, failings and effectivity, by usage of informed literature and research. Theories can supply societal workers with a safe base to research state of affairss and understand complex human behavior ( Coulshed and Orme 2006 ) . Used sagely, they can advance effectual, anti-oppressive pattern ( Wilson 2008 ) . Theory underpins the societal work grade ( Coulshed and Orme ) and the turning accent on evidence-based pattern ensures theory is at the bosom of the profession ( Corby 2006 ) . The most important theory within societal work is Freud s psychodynamic theory ( Daniel 2008 ) . Payne ( 2007:80 ) goes say far every bit to propose that psychodynamic work is societal work . It was the original theory societal workers drew upon to understand complex human behavior ( Coulshed and Orme 2006 ) . It is besides the theory from which many others have been developed or as Payne ( 2005 ) suggests, opposed. For these grounds, it can be hard to understand other theories without cognition of psychodynamic ( QUOTE, QUOTE ) . Psychodynamic is a major underpinning base of crisis intercession, more specifically, ego psychological science, developmental psychological science, and cognitive behavioral attacks and systems theory ( McGinnis 2009 ) . These theories provide an apprehension of the peculiar psychological feature of people in such state of affairss ( Beckett 2006, p110 ) . By contrast, task-centred was established within societal work. Steming specifically, from Reid and Shyne s ( 1969 ) research into the profession ( McColgan ( Lindsay ed. ) 2010 ) . Reid and Shyne claim the roots and influences of task-centred were non derived or borrowed from any other subject ( Parker and Bradley, 2010 ; Watson and West, 2006 ) . Therefore, Trevithick ( 2005 ) suggests task-centred should be referred to as a work or pattern , instead than an attack. However, many authors contest this, including Doel ( 2009 ) and Marsh ( 2008 ) who assert association lies with behavioral and problem-solving attacks to societal work. On contemplation there are blunt similarities between problem-solving tool and behavioral. Task-centred is basically a problem-solving tool, furthermore itaˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦ Crisis intercession was developed by Caplan from Lindeman and Caplan s work into loss and heartache ( QUOTE ) . It is non a individual theoretical account in the manner that task-centred casework is a individual theoretical account, but instead a group of theoretical accounts for short-run work with people at points of acute crisis ( Beckett 2006, p110 ) . A crisis is a precipitating risky event which is meaningful or endangering to oneself ( Payne 2005:104 ) . Crisiss are frequently caused by sudden loss or alteration ( McGinnis 2010:39 ) . However, it is non the event that defines a crisis, but instead the service user s perceptual experience and emotional reading ( Parker and Bradley 2010 ) . What may show a crisis for one may be considered a challenge for another because people have different life experiences, cultural backgrounds, get bying schemes and degrees of resiliency. Crisiss can be predicable, as in Erikson s psychosocial theoretical account ( which views developmental struggles as portion of the life class ) , or unpredictable crises which can non be foreseen for case, a natural catastrophe, sick wellness and poorness or even a burglary ( Hamer 2006 ) ( ONLINE ) . Crisiss cut down the psychological header ability by disputing the homeostasis ( normal equilibrium ) ( Thompson 1991 ) . When 1 s usual header resources are unsuccessful in reacting to their job and they can non follow alternate internal schemes or happen another manner to get by, they are likely to happen themselves in crisis ( Hamer 2006 ) . Caplan argued, that people act as self-acting systems ( Trevithick 2005:267 ) , in that they strive to retain homeostasis. He believed that in add-on to the occasional crises caused by unannounced events people experience developmental crisis throughout the life class. He farther argued that preventive work, offered at the clip of such developmental crises, might be effectual in cut downing symptoms of psychiatric unwellness ( Wilson et al. 2008: 361 ) . Unsuccessfully single-minded crises can take to psychologically disabling experiences such as arrested development, mental unwellness, feelings of hopefulness and insufficiency, or destructive action ( Wilson et al. 2008:362 ) . Equally, crises can stir up pent-up feelings ( Coulshed and Orme 2006 ) . For illustration, a matrimony dislocation may reactivate pent-up feelings of rejection and loss from being taken into attention as a kid. This can add to the sense of feeling overwhelmed and overburdened ( a double dosage ) ( Coulshed and Orme 2006:135 ) . While this may supply the chance to turn to a pent-up event, the more unsolved crises one has, the more vulnerable they are to future crises ( Hamer 2006 ) . Similarly, if unhelpful get bying mechanisms are employed during a crisis, this has the possible to make another crisis ( Watson and West 2006 ) . Crisiss produce biological emphasis responses whereby the battle or flight mechanism is activated . CHINESE MODEL This energy can be fuelled into developing new get bying schemes and resiliency for now and the hereafter ( Thompson 1991, p20 ) . Thompson ( 1991:10 mentioning Caplan 1961 ) uses to his three phase theoretical account to understand the features of a crisis. The impact phase is ephemeral and characterised by emphasis and confusion where the event can look unreal. The 2nd is the kick phase . This is characterised by disorganization and strength of emotion . For illustration, emotions can be directed externally ( choler ) , internally ( guilt ) or both at the same time. There may be psychical symptoms every bit good such as, weariness, concerns ( and ) tummy upset . The concluding phase is adjustment and adaptation . Crisiss take on mean four to eight hebdomads to decide and it is during this concluding period that a crisis can be resolved as a discovery or dislocation ( Thompson 1991:10 ) . If unhelpful get bying mechanisms are used during this phase, they have the possible to make another crisis ( Watson and West 2006 ) . As such, skilled crisis intercession during this clip can take to a discover y ( Thompson 1991:10 ) . For application to pattern, Roberts 2000 cited in Wilson et al 2008:366 Uses a seven phase theoretical account: Assess hazard A ; safety of service user Establish resonance and appropriate communicating Identify and specify major jobs Deal with feelings and supply support Explore possible alternate responses Formulate action program Provide follow up service IN APP: Try to happen trigger but do nt acquire lost in it What is go oning to them? How do they usually cope internally/externally? Do they utilize merely psychological or societal and community resources to good consequence? Opp to assist back to homeo but besides to better Min danger enhance hazard Mobilise support system advocator Calm, reassure, resonance, involvement Develop new techs of get bying thro guidance Remember individual unfastened for limited period Get SU to put ends give beginning and sense of control Short term incremental to construct assurance and new acquisition Do nt put up for failure If utilizing the illustration given above, the state of affairs does non represent a crisis, but instead a series of/or big job, task-centred can be utilised to turn to these. Task-centred pattern involves five structured stairss which are indispensable to its effectivity ( HOWE BOOK ) : The first measure is for the societal worker to understand the jobs faced, the methods used to react to the job and the preferable state of affairs. These are defined and expressed by the service user ( Thompson, 2005 ) . Anna expresses she is experiencing low since the recent birth of her boy, she is disquieted she does non hold the natural mothering ability and can non retrieve the last clip she last had an grownup conversation. She does nt cognize where to turn for aid. The societal worker explores cultural and structural XXXXX it becomes clear that Anna can non state her household how she is experiencing because it is frowned upon by her civilization. She would love to experience happy and in control once more. Using feminist perspectiveaˆÂ ¦.. Her cultureaˆÂ ¦.. AgeaˆÂ ¦.. During the following phase the societal worker encourages Anna to prioritize which parts of the jobs she would wish to work on first. With support she breaks the job down in manageable balls. This procedure helps Anna to see that her job is non unsurmountable ; it gives her hope and a focal point. It is indispensable during this clip that the societal worker remains empathic and physiques Anna hopes. The undermentioned phase is based upon dialogue in partnership. Together, Anna and societal worker hold a upper limit of three jobs for coveted alteration. Each end must be specific, mensurable, accomplishable, realistic and time-bound ( Doel AND WHO YEAR p36 ) to guarantee Anna is non set for failure. The first of undertaking might be for Anna will see the local Children s Centre following hebdomad to happen out what services they offer. The 2nd measure could be go toing a session as the Children s Centre. A timeline for the undertakings ( normally 12 hebdomadal Sessionss ) , together with understanding of who will finish which undertakings will organize a written contract, signed by both parties. The agreed contract is implemented and monitored until rating or expiration. This allows for flexibleness should this be required ( such as extension of clip or reorganization of jobs ) . Anti-oppressive pattern lies at its nucleus of task-centred and the values of societal work pattern are integrated. Partnership working promotes societal justness and seeks to cut down the power instability between worker and service user. Thompson ( 2007, p50 ) agrees saying user engagement and partnership working are portion of a political committedness to advancing societal justness, societal inclusion and equality. These facets are farther supported by the British Association of Codes of Practice, Codes of Ethics for Social Work ( DATE ) ( 24 October 2010 ) . The publicity of pick for service users by their ain designation of the job and prioritisation of their ends empowers. It besides views the service as an expert in their state of affairs. The nature of interrupting down jobs ( frequently considered unsurmountable ) builds a sense of hope for service users to get the better of them ( QUOTE ) The simpleness of the theoretical account means it is easy to understand and use and enables service user to utilize it for future job resolution ( Doel and Marsh 1995 ) . This builds resiliency and empowers service users. The theoretical account recognises and physiques upon service users strengths because it considers they have the personal resources to work out their jobs with limited support. This empowers by enabling service users to take control and ownership ( McColgan, ( Lindsay ed. ) 2010 ) . A contract provides transparence and lucidity. It places the focal point on the job, instead than the person. It besides allows for flexibleness for the degree or continuance of support to be increased or ends to be reorganised. Because the theoretical account is time-limited it decreases the hazard of dependence and creates motive to react to undertakings ( Doel AND WHO, DATE, p36 ) . The successful completion of undertakings, lead to personal growing of the service user, in footings of assurance and self-pride for now and for the hereafter. For the worker and bureau it offers a clip and cost effectual intercession. It besides saves on future resources by constructing service users to work out their ain jobs in the hereafter. A note of cautiousness is that it would be oppressive and uneffective if used with service users with limited cognitive operation ( such as hapless mental wellness, larning disablement or dementedness ) . The theoretical account is besides incompatible where there are complex underlying issues because it can non turn to them. Additionally, it may non see structural subjugation such as category, poorness, sick wellness, gender or racial subjugation. Because of the nature of partnership, service users need to be willing to take part for the theoretical account to be effectual ( Trevithick 2005 ) . A written, signed contract may promote a power instability between societal worker and service user, puting the societal worker as the expert. Marsh ( Davies ed. 2008 ) warns that while task-centred pattern may be the most popular theory among societal work pupils, possibly owing to its simpleness. The quality of its application is frequently undermined. Many believing they are transporting out task-centred pattern work, when really they are non. Page 121 BBB In using crisis intercession the societal worker must set up a resonance with Anna utilizing accomplishments of empathy and active hearing, while besides measuring the hazard of injury to Anna and her kid ( Mc Ginnis 2010 ) . Importance should besides be given to the non-verbal communicating of the service user. Anna should be supported in researching the job ( the aim facts ) and her emotional response to the job ( the subjective ) ( Beckett 2006 ) . The societal worker can help by inquiring sensitive unfastened inquiries ( to guarantee it remains Anna s narrative ) and reacting by demoing credence. McGinnis ( 2010, p45 ) claims demoing credence is cardinal to effectual relationship edifice . It can besides advance anti-oppressive pattern and societal justness by non judging the service user. The information collected should concentrate upon the here and now, although the yesteryear should be acknowledged. The societal worker should happen out the efforts Anna has made to react to her job, while at the same clip reassuring Anna. McGinnis ( 2010:45 ) suggests accomplishing reassurance by gently reframe ( ing ) the client s perceptual experience of ego and events into a more realistic apprehension of the state of affairs . Therefore, the societal worker could state I imagine you feel stray ; It sounds as if you have had a batch to get by with one you own . Empathy should be shown the full intercession by the societal worker, by usage of lexis and non-verbal communicating. If the service user is assessed as being in crisis the societal worker can explicate the construct of crisis intercession and agree the nature of the work to be carried out. Arguably crisis intercession is besides anti-oppressive. It seeks to consequence positive alteration in behavior now and for the hereafter, through the edifice of resiliency and get bying mechanisms. It can besides let go of service users from their yesteryear by turn toing pent-up issues. All of which consequences in authorization of service user. Empowerment is a aˆÂ ¦ . of the GSCC Codes of Practice QUOTE Integrates with codifications of pattern WHAT CODES Active hearing and empathy Crisis intercession provides a safe construction of intercession for societal worker, service user and usage by voluntary bureaus in add-on to statutory. Quotation mark The clip limited nature is anti-oppressive because it reduces the hazard of dependence for the service user. Additionally, it provides an economical intercession for the societal worker and bureau. This is supported by research undertaken by the NCHaˆÂ ¦ . ( QUOTE ) Factors such as single civilization, values, gender, race, category and age can be taken into history because the service user is the expert and specify their ain experience. ( QUOTE ) Crisis intercession can be applied to many state of affairss, viz. , predictable crises in line with Erikson s self-importance psychological science theoretical account and unpredictable crises. ( QUOTE ) Conversely, there are many unfavorable judgments. The service user must be committed to working with the societal worker to consequence alteration ( QUOTE ) The very nature of the word crisis can take to the theory being used inappropriatelyaˆÂ ¦.. southwest may presume su in crisis due to event There is an instability in the power moral force between societal worker and service user because of the vulnerable nature of the service due to the crises. Furthermore, the societal work is considered the expert. This can go forth room for unethical behavior on the societal workers portion ( QUOTE ) As crisis is ephemeral, many societal work bureaus may non be able to react fast adequate to take full advantage of this window ( Wilson et al. 2008 ) . KEYWORD the brevity of the intercession may non be long plenty to decide a service users issues to the full ( QUOTE ) Research suggests that people respond to crises otherwise and at changing velocities, due to age, civilization and cognitive damages. Thus the theoretical account may necessitate to be adapted to accommodate the service user and the state of affairs, although, version may render it insecure for pattern ( Wilson et al 2008 ) . The theory involves active hearing and empathy on behalf of the societal worker. As the intercession involves usage of active hearing and empathy on behalf of the societal worker, this may arouse many emotions. The societal worker must stay empathic and professional with an consciousness of ego. Supervision besides vital for the societal workeraˆÂ ¦ . QUOTE For the service user the nature of the intercession can be intrusive QUOTE Crisis intercession is besides criticised as being Eurocentric. Ignoring different traditions and civilizations and being concerned merely with repairing the job every bit rapidly as possible ( Wilson et al. 2008 ) . This can take to oppressive pattern. Quote In decision Psychodynamic as discussed, was the theory of the twenty-four hours. It provided harmonizing to Howe ( 2009 ) , complex, inefficient, open-ended intercession. In comparing, task-centred offered an effectual, merely structured, easy to understand, time-limited attack, which dealt with the here and now ( Howe, 2009 ) . Reid and Shyne s concluded through their research, that short-run intercession was effectual ( Trevithick 2005 ) , and that problem-solving was more likely to be successful if a deadline was in topographic point ( Marsh Davies erectile dysfunction. 2008 ) . ingredients of a crisis reaction can non be identified, i Summary While both intercessions are suited for differing state of affairss, there are several similarities. Both are individualistic-reformist in that neither genuinely addresses societal alteration. Both have the possible to suppress and know apart, but this can be overcome if appraisals are sensitive to anti-oppressive pattern ( Wilson et al. 2008:366 ) . They are both time-limited. Payne ( 2005:105 ) citing James and Gilliland ( 2001 ) intents there are three crisis intercession theoretical accounts: The equilibrium theoretical account Caplan s ( 1965 ) original attack. Persons are seen as sing disequilibrium. The focal point is upon return them to equilibrium enabling them to react efficaciously to their jobs. Second, The cognitive theoretical account Associated with Roberts ( 2000 ) Ego psychological science developed by Erikson, views the class of life as a series mileposts through which conflicts occur. Developmental psychological science considers early experiences form personalities in maturity. ( Daniel ed-Davies 2008 ) ; cognitive behavioral attacks and systems theory ( McGinnis 2009:37 ) . 3.3 Strengths ( pay attending to AOP and values ) Time limited reduces hazard of dependence In line with codifications of pattern WHAT CODES SU more unfastened to assist and alter at a clip of crisis ( for a limited period )

Influence Of Cultural Differences On HRM Practices Research Paper

Influence Of Cultural Differences On HRM Practices - Research Paper Example In order to understand the implications of culture on HRM practices, it is important to learn how culture is perceived by stakeholders mainly labor in an organization and also how it manifests into organizational policies and procedures. According to Hofstede (2001), a culture is a social phenomenon which is learned, shared, trans-generational, symbolic, patterned and adaptive. Also, it is a multilayered phenomenon which is easy to observe but difficult to change in terms of its foundation. These layers of culture include artifacts, espoused beliefs and underlying assumptions (Schein, 2004). In addition to that, culture defines commonality existing in preferences of the workforce and their responsiveness towards organizational practices. Since it defines shared notions driving workforce, labor tends to discard any practice that is inconsistent with it or creates ambiguity. Furthermore, culture is a stable phenomenon which is difficult to change at least in the short-term. Hofstede (2 001) further asserts that five fundamental dimensions of management define how the behavior of human resource alters itself in different cultures. These dimensions include power distance between management and labor, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity versus femininity and long-term versus short-term orientation. A careful analysis of these dimensions would illustrate the rationale behind differences among organizational practices prevailing in US and UAE. In extension to Hofstede’s work, Aycan et al. (2000) explain that a culture governing workforce of an organization comprises of internal traditions, the external environment surrounding the organization and socio-cultural norms existing in that particular social segment whereas this combination is known as a model of cultural fit. Organizations tend to follow HRM practices that conform to their internal model showing compliance with organizational objectives and traditions followed by the wor kforce.  

Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Literacy - Essay Example e along a variety that includes of reading, writing and skill in both digital and print environments together with the critical understanding and decision-making abilities they need in their lives. Nonetheless, a culture creates a definition of this aspect, literacy is connected to most of the attributes in individuals’ and community life and remains an important basis for learning through life and should always be considered as a human right. Literacy involves an long-term and academic procedure of achieving meaning as a result of critical understanding of text or written text. The main characteristic of all literacy is the development of reading, which is a development of skills that start with the ability to understand spoken words and interpret written words that ends in a better understanding of the text. The development of reading abilities involves a variety of complicated language foundations such as being aware of speech sounds, patterns of spelling, meaning of words, grammar as well as the patterns used in forming words to provide a necessary stand that leads to ease in reading and ability to understand text. When these skills are acquired, the person who is reading can achieve full language literary that includes the capacity to critically explore printed material, conclude and create, write accurately and reasonably, and use the information and understanding from the text as the basis for informed choices and creative thoughts. An inability to achieve all this aspects is referred to as illiteracy. The English language has gone through a lot of significant changes throughout history and in the previous decade alone, the level of literacy of students has increased past the traditional characteristics such as reading, ability to understand, grammar and writing to encompass applications that are more digital and interactive. With the present learners experiencing numerous traditional and digital literacies, parents are left with the question of how they

Economics - Various Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economics - Various - Essay Example In the case of negative externality, one of the best examples is the concern regarding pollution. Consider a manufacturing company operating of garments marketed to Europe based in Northern Thailand. The operation of the company releases contaminants in sewage which has been linked to the decline fisheries in the lower regions of the Mekong River. In this case, the operations of the company are not impacted directly or the buyers of the products affected by the issue. To illustrate a positive externality, consider the case of state or governments providing police to ensure and monitor public safety using tax revenues. Public safety is mainly in the interest of social or public welfare. This is provided by the government or the state to its citizens but also has the effect of increasing the competitiveness’ of markets and confidence of investors. Social stability encourages foreign direct investments and economic sustainability. Mergers are a means of corporate or operational expansion, generally mutually contracted, with the objective of increasing competencies, streamlining or to consolidate market interests or economies of scale for long term profitability. To contrast it from acquisition, acquisitions usually entail one company buying or gaining control of another company. Mergers are considered to be more â€Å"friendly† than acquisitions but are also considered to be more challenging since it requires compromising more parties or interests (Lien, 2005). Mergers are mainly classified as horizontal, vertical or conglomerate. Other classification of mergers include congeneric mergers, reverse mergers, accretive mergers and dilutive mergers but these have more limited use in research and are considered in general under the aforementioned main classifications. Horizontal mergers occur when the companies involved have similar products

Effects of the War on Nationalism and Unionism

Effects of the War on Nationalism and Unionism The Great War proved to be a catalyst for profound change across the whole of Europe and beyond. Ireland proved to be no exception as the effects of the Great War changed nationalism and unionism in various ways. Some of those changes could have been predictable in 1914, whilst others could not have been. The constitutional future of Ireland had already caused much controversy before the Great War and that controversy did not decline just because Britain and therefore Ireland were fighting a war. Unionism was perhaps a more unified feature of Irish society and politics. In contrast, nationalism was split between the moderates that supported Ireland having Home Rule within the United Kingdom and the republicans that favoured a united Irish republic. The circumstances created by the Great War plus the actions of unionists, nationalists, republicans, and finally the British government all brought changes to nationalism and unionism. These changes will now be outlined. England and later Britain had been trying to impose its control over Ireland since the 12th century. Nationalism and unionism had been the reactions of the Irish to those attempts to make them obedient, if not loyal subjects of the British State. The nationalists were descended from the Irish who had resented, or even resisted British control. The overwhelming majority of the nationalists were Catholics and formed around two-thirds of the Irish population. The unionists on the other hand were strongly in favour of maintaining the union of Britain. Unionism was strongest in the Protestant dominated counties of Ulster amongst the descendants of the Ulster plantations. Unionism held the advantage of having aims that never changed whilst nationalism had the disadvantage of being divided between moderates and republicans, even though people with nationalist or republican sympathies formed a majority of the population (Wilson, 1989 p. 21). Nationalism had failed to achieve Home Rule in the 1880s, yet under the Liberal government that the Irish nationalist MPs backed, Home Rule seemed destined to be implemented after it passed through Parliament in 1912. The House of Lords managed to block its passing for two years, although it had just lost its power to veto legislation after the passing of the Parliament Act of 1911 (Ferriter, 2005 p. 123). However, the move towards Home Rule had provoked a militant unionist response in the form of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) countered by the moderate Irish Volunteers and the more hard-line Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). The UVF, which was led by Sir Edward Carson used all the means possible to prevent Home Rule, and would have proved a formidable force for any Irish government in Dublin to defeat (Stewart, 2001 p. 166). The British were concerned about instability and possible civil war in Ireland during 1912 through to 1914. The first change the Great War brought was that many nationalists and unionists got behind the British war effort. Home Rule was put on ice until after the war finished. The British government could have used that extra support from both nationalism and unionism to its ultimate advantage yet proved incapable of doing so (Ferriter, 2005 p.111). Before any of the thousands of volunteers had been sent to the front line the British government’s decisions meant that the Great War would change nationalism and unionism. Instead of maintaining the good will of nationalists, the British government clearly showed its preference to those unionists who had volunteered for military service. The UVF seemed to be rewarded for its almost treasonable resistance to Home Rule by being enlisted as a whole and as a separate division. The moderate nationalists who had been in the Irish Volunteers were denied their own division. Redmond and the other moderates felt that the nationalists were being treated unfairly, despite supporting the British war effort (Madden, 2005, p.92). Nationalism more than unionism started to change once Irish troops started to get killed in the Great War. The Unionists views about remaining within the United Kingdom did not alter, regardless of how many of them were killed in the war. For nationalism, the deaths of so many of its most capable and moderate advocates changed the balance between moderate nationalism and republicanism. However, even as the death toll mounted amongst the nationalist volunteers fighting in the Great War, the majority of nationalists did not favour the foundation of a republic, just the implementation of Home Rule. There was resentment that the unionists received better treatment in the army than the nationalists did. There was also resentment that the unionist dead received more respect, even though nationalists also paid the ultimate price for fighting in the Great War. The Irish Volunteers had split over the issue of enlisting in the British Army. The vast majority of the volunteers did enlist and ca lled themselves National Volunteers whilst only a minority refused to enlist yet kept the name of Irish Volunteers. Between 150,000 to 158,000 joined the British Army, whilst 8,000 to 12,000 stayed behind to safeguard Home Rule from unionism or a change in British policy (Jackson, 1999 p. 198). However, it would not be Irish blood spilt in France or Belgium that would change nationalism and unionism during the Great War. In the end it would prove to be Irish blood spilt in Dublin that caused the most dramatic changes. Members of the IRB believed the Great War offered the opportunity to launch a major rebellion against the British whilst the British Army was fighting and therefore unable to concentrate its firepower against any rebellion. Republicans claimed such a strategy was taking advantage of circumstances that might only be available for a short period, if Britain were on the winning side in the Great War such opportunities would be lost. The IRB were joined by Sinn Fein and the Irish socialist movement of James Connelly (Moody Martin, 2001, p.256). The plans of a national uprising by the IRB were scuppered by the Royal Navy, which captured the German ship bringing weapons to the rebels. Instead of cancelling the rebellion altogether the IRB uprising still went ahead in Dublin. Slim chances of victory had been turned into no chance of survival let alone victory. The majority of people in Dublin originally saw the uprising as foolish and unjustified (Ferriter, 2005 p. 130). The Easter Rising of 1916 was an unmitigated disaster from a military and strategic perspective that resulted in around 450 deaths. (Madden, 2005, p.95). From the aspect of turning a majority of nationalists towards supporting a united Irish republic it was success, yet it was not the rebels that died in the fighting that aroused the upsurge in republican sentiment. This upsurge was due to the British government allowing the British Army to execute a handful of rebels after the rising. The executions were a serious blunder as it made the rebels martyrs for the Irish Republican cause and greatly undermined the British control of Ireland, except for Ulster. The British Army had intended to execute over 90 rebels, yet the death of the 15 rebels it did execute proved disastrous (Madden, 2005 p. 96). The Unionists regarded the Easter Rising as an act of treason; a sign that nationalism in general and republicanism in particular could not be trusted (Wilson, 1989 p. 45). Perhaps the greatest change to unionism as a result of the Easter Rising was the determination to remain within the United Kingdom, even if that meant partitioning Ireland in to two distinct nationalist and unionist parts. The Great War used up men, money, and resources in great quantities. The British government compounded its loss of support within the nationalist community by contemplating to extend conscription to Ireland. The Somme offensive in 1916 forced the introduction of conscription to the rest of the United Kingdom following the catastrophic losses caused. (Stewart, 2001, p.167). In all the British Army lost 794, 000 troops killed, wounded and missing in action during the Somme offensive, Irish nationalists and unionists were killed in their thousands (Castleden, 2005 p. 460). The republicans made further in roads into persuading nationalists that a republican solution was the best way to get the British out of Ireland. The British government did not introduce conscription into Ireland; the republicans in general and the Irish Republican Army / Sinn Fein (IRA) had gained further propaganda successes specifically. David Lloyd George met with both Carson and Redmond, promising Carson a permanent partition, whilst assuring Redwood it would be only a short-term partition (Madden, 2005, p.99). The Great War offered chances for nationalism and unionism to change, the war itself did not change everything. It was the republicans that prospered most from these changes due to Eamon de Valera and Michael Collins taking advantage of the circumstances the Great War had brought, especially after the Easter Rising (Wilson, 1989 p. 47). The Great War revealed the flaws in the political thought and strategy of the moderate Irish nationalists. The Irish Parliamentary Party had seen its greatest achievement of Home Rule suspended by the start of the war. Redmond believed that nationalism could achieve a compromise with British imperialism, a belief shattered by the Great War. Redmond also underestimated the potential of republicanism and misunderstood the aspirations of unionism. It was unionism and republicanism that changed Ireland profoundly after the end of the Great War (Ferriter, 2005 p. 130). Therefore, the Great War did change nationalism and unionism in various ways. Its first change was to suspend the Ulster crisis of 1912-14 and prevent the possibility of civil war in Ireland at that time. The outbreak of war was initially greeted with enthusiasm within nationalism and unionism. The British government gained a great deal of support from both communities, although it would eventually squander support from the nationalists. Only the republican fringe within nationalism did not support Britain’s war effort, regarding the Great War as an opportunity to end British rule in Ireland. Moderate nationalism was greatly changed by the Great War. The finest supporters of moderate were gunned down on the Western Front, whilst unionism increased its influence with the British government, with Carson serving in the war cabinet, whilst Redmond refused to do so. Unionism was proud of the sacrifices it made for King and country whilst moderate nationalism was weakened by being s een as sacrificing so many lives for an occupying power that did not seem to appreciate those sacrifices. The Easter Rising and its brutal suppression and the unwise execution of 15 rebels was the main catalyst for change with the British government foolishly making martyrs for the Irish republicans. Moderate nationalism was the main casualty of the Great War in Ireland. Republicanism was greatly strengthened after the Easter Rising, whilst unionism was grimly determined to hold onto Ulster. The Great War only delayed civil war in Ireland; the end of moderate nationalism and the misjudgements of the British government would allow extremism to take hold. This cause of events almost inevitably led to the partition of Ireland. Nationalism, unionism, republicanism, or the British government could no longer expect to control the whole of Ireland. The Great War changed things in favour of the republican and unionist extremists, the IRA and Sinn Fein proving especially astute at taking adv antage of those circumstances. Bibliography Castleden, (2005) Events that changed the world, Time Warner Books, London Ferriter D, (2005) The Transformation of Ireland 1900-2000, Profile Books, London Jackson A, (1999) Ireland 1798 – 1998: Politics and War, Oxford Madden F J M (2005) teach yourself – the history of Ireland, Hodder Education, London Moody T W Martin F X (2001) The Course of Irish History, Mercier Press, Cork and Dublin Stewart A T Q, (2001) The Shape of Irish History, The Blackstaff Press, Belfast Wilson T, (1989) Ulster Conflict Consent, Basil Blackwell Ltd, Oxford

The Temptations. Essay -- essays research papers

The Legends In Life An Artist or group’s talent can be defined by the way the listener is pulled into the music. Writing about fundamental emotions to a compound condition that happened in the past, the artist must grasp the listener and wrap them into a nostalgic trance from the lyrics. The type of lyrics that can convey the reader into the past, present, or future time. The Temptations has mastered this talent. From their time to the present day, the Temptation’s music can still be looked upon in the 21st Century culture. They became soul writers and masters of touching inner emotions that listeners held. The Temptations were a group of individuals that represented their culture in time. The smooth lead vocalist to, to the brawny brick toned baritone, the artist became a great influence to many groups and artist of the coming future. The rhythmic style of The Temptations can be heard in many Rhythm and Blues groups of the past decades. At their time, The Temptations were the group to be, and at present are considered legends in their genre of music. The legends manifested many hit songs that broke cultural barriers. Their songs played in countries where English was not the first spoken language. Thus, are praised as one of, or if not, the greatest soul groups that has ever existed throughout the world. If politics or government were not capable in breaking cultural barriers, the suave songs that many learned to love became a benefactor. As an individual, the songs by The T...

Analyzing a Literacy Event

At any moment, your life can change. In any instant you could find yourself walking down a different path than you started down. You would never know it, but the simplest form of literacy could make the world of difference in your life. Writing, believe it or not, is a constant in your everyday life. Whether making a grocery list, composing an email, or simply doing your homework, there is no escape from writing. In my case, however, writing came to be my only salvation for justice.On a seemingly normal, stress-free, fall day, I found myself walking through The Village of Rochester Hills. It goes without saying that writing was one of the last things on my mind as I was shopping. However, as things seem to do, my priorities were about to drastically change. As I was attacked by three teenage boys, my world began to spin. I was knocked out by one single blow to the side of my face. As I opened my eyes I saw the boys leaving me on the pavement of the parking lot. After a moment, I real ized that my purse and all of my belongings had been taken.There and then was when I realized how important writing can really be. I instantly ran into the closest store and began writing down all I could recall about the incident. Filling the paper with descriptions of the boys’ clothes, hair, faces, the van they left in, and even their voices, I wracked my brain for all the information I had. Eventually, the Oakland County Sherriff came to the scene of the crime. Within the time it had taken them to reach me, I had already begun to go into a form of shock, causing me to forget details and important factors of the incident.My small gesture of literacy had been the key to finding justice in this situation. After the police had calmed down and taken me to the station, my next writing adventure began. It might not be obvious, but filling out police reports and giving detailed descriptions to a sketch artist involves many literary techniques. I can honestly say my encounter with writing was the most meticulous, painstaking, in depth paper I have ever written. Needless to say, my literary work provoked many reactions. After reading the entire report, most were angry: Angry that this sort of situation could happen to anyone.Some were sympathetic, offering hopes of catching the three boys with the help of my descriptions. I, on the other hand, read through my report over and over again, feeling worse and worse about the situation. Days later, the police were able to link my case with three others. The three other girls who had been put in similar situations, however, were unable to give as much detail as I was. In a sense, my ability to understand the grave importance of writing was able to help three complete strangers come closer to catching the three boys who stole their feeling of safety and self confidence.For as little as the average person considers literacy to be a part of their lives, I have personally found it to be one of life’s most valuabl e privileges. A single act of writing led me closer to a sense of justice and closure in a moment between shock and sanity. This encounter with writing has changed my outlook on many things. The most important, however, is that I feel grateful for all the teachers that have taught me how to write because without them, I may not have been able to rise above the situation.

Margaret Murray Washington, First Lady of Tuskegee

Margaret Murray Washington, First Lady of Tuskegee Margaret Murray Washington was an educator, administrator, reformer, and clubwoman who married Booker T. Washington and worked closely with him at Tuskegee and on educational projects. She was very well known in her own time, she was somewhat forgotten in later treatments of black history, perhaps because of her association with a more conservative approach to winning racial equality. Early Years Margaret Murray Washington was born in Macon, Mississippi on March 8 as Margaret James Murray.  According to the 1870 census, she was born in 1861; her tombstone gives 1865 as her birth year.  Her mother, Lucy Murray, was a former slave and a washerwoman, mother of four to nine children (sources, even those approved by Margaret Murray Washington in her lifetime, have different numbers).  Margaret stated later in life that her father, an Irishman whose name is not known, died when she was seven years old.  Margaret and her older sister and next younger brother are listed in that 1870 census as â€Å"mulatto† and the youngest child, a boy then four, as black.  Ã‚   Also according to later stories by Margaret, after her father’s death, she moved in with a brother and sister named Sanders, Quakers, who served as adoptive or foster parents to her. She still was close to her mother and siblings; she is listed in the 1880 census as living at home with her mother, along with her older sister and, now, two younger sisters.  Later, she said that she had nine siblings and that only the youngest, born about 1871, had children. Education The Sanders guided Margaret towards a career in teaching.  She, like many women of the time, began teaching in local schools without any formal training; after one year, in 1880, she decided to pursue such formal training anyway at Fisk Preparatory School in Nashville, Tennessee.  By that time she was 19 years old, if the census record is correct; she may have understated her age believing that the school preferred younger students.  She worked half time and took the training half time, graduating with honors in 1889.  W.E.B. Du Bois was a classmate and became a lifelong friend. Tuskegee Her performance at Fisk was enough to win her a job offer at a Texas college, but she took a teaching position at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama instead.  By the next year, 1890, she had become the lady principal at the school, responsible for female students.  She succeeded Anna Thankful Ballantine, who had been involved in hiring her. A predecessor in that job was Olivia Davidson Washington, second wife of Booker T. Washington, Tuskegee’s famous founder, who died in May of 1889, and was still held in high respect at the school. Booker T. Washington Within the year, the widowed Booker T. Washington, who had met Margaret Murray at her Fisk senior dinner, began courting her.  She was reluctant to marry him when he asked her to do so.  She did not get along with one of his brothers with whom he was especially close, and that brother’s wife who had been caring for Booker T. Washington’s children after he was widowed.  Washington’s daughter, Portia, was outright hostile towards anyone taking her mother’s place. With marriage, she would become also the stepmother of his three still-young children.  Eventually, she decided to accept his proposal, and they were married on October 10, 1892. Mrs. Washington’s Role At Tuskegee, Margaret Murray Washington not only served as Lady Principal, with charge over the female students – most of whom would become teachers and faculty, she also founded the Women’s Industries Division and herself taught domestic arts. As Lady Principal, she was part of the school’s executive board. She also served as acting head of the school during her husband’s frequent travels, especially after his fame spread after a speech at the Atlanta Exposition in 1895.  His fundraising and other activities kept him away from the school as much as six months out of the year. Women’s Organizations She supported the Tuskegee agenda, summarized in the motto â€Å"Lifting as We Climb,† of responsibility to work to improve not only one’s self but the whole race.  This commitment she also lived out in her involvement in black women’s organizations, and in frequent speaking engagements.  Invited by Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, she helped form the National Federation of Afro-American Women in 1895, which merged the next year under her presidency with the Colored Women’s League, to form the National Association of Colored Women (NACW). â€Å"Lifting as We Climb† became the motto of the NACW. There, editing and publishing the journal for the organization, as well as serving as secretary of the executive board, she represented the conservative wing of the organization, focused on a more evolutionary change of African Americans to prepare for equality.  She was opposed by Ida B. Wells-Barnett, who favored a more activist stance, challenging racism more directly and with visible protest.  This reflected a division between the more cautious approach of her husband, Booker T. Washington, and the more radical position of W.E.B. Du Bois.  Margaret Murray Washington was president of the NACW for four years, beginning in 1912, as the organization increasingly moved towards the more political orientation of Wells-Barnett. Other Activism One of her other activities was organizing regular Saturday mother’s meetings at Tuskegee. Women of the town would come for socializing and an address, often by Mrs. Washington. The children who came with the mothers had their own activities in another room, so their mothers could focus on their meeting.  The group grew by 1904 to about 300 women. She often accompanied her husband on speaking trips, as the children grew old enough to be left in the care of others. Her task was often to address the wives of the men who attended her husband’s talks. In 1899, she accompanied her husband on a European trip. In 1904, Margaret Murray Washington’s niece and nephew came to live with the Washingtons at Tuskegee.  The nephew, Thomas J. Murray, worked at the bank associated with Tuskegee. The niece, much younger, took the name of Washington. Widowhood Years and Death In 1915, Booker T. Washington fell ill and his wife accompanied him back to Tuskegee where he died. He was buried next to his second wife on the campus at Tuskegee.  Margaret Murray Washington remained at Tuskegee, supporting the school and also continuing outside activities.  She denounced African Americans of the South who moved North during the Great Migration.  She was president from 1919 until 1925 of the Alabama Association of Women’s Clubs. She became involved in work to address issues of racism for women and children globally, founding and heading the International Council of Women of the Darker Races in 1921.  The organization, which was to promote â€Å"a larger appreciation of their history and accomplishment† in order to have â€Å"a greater degree of race pride for their own achievements and touch a greater themselves,† did not survive very long after Murray’s death. Still active at Tuskegee up until her death on June 4, 1925, Margaret Murray Washington was long considered the â€Å"first lady of Tuskegee.†Ã‚  She was buried next to her husband, as was his second wife.

September 11th - Article Summary 2002 essays

September 11th - Article Summary 2002 essays Kitchener-Waterloo Record: Opinion, Wednesday, September 11th 2002 page A10 A Firefighters Reflection: I will never be the same This article is about a New York firefighter that was involved in the September 11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centers. Kevin Flaherty has been on the Fire Department of New York for 8 years. He writes to us because he is thankful for the help he got from the Canadian Firefighters. He is proud to wear an American-Canadian flag pin. Kevin was working the day of September 11th; he was with Engine 238 that was called to Tower 2. He remembers hearing loud explosive noises while approaching the building, looking up he realized that people were falling from the 80th floor. The explosive noises were people hitting the ground- it was constant, they kept jumping. He was haunted by the fact that people werent on fire were alive until they had hit the ground. Once Kevin entered the building he received news that one of his friends was hit by a jumper and killed. A group of fire fighters were ordered to go up 2 floors before the fire in Tower 2; they were to take their air cylinders. If they got tired, they were to take off their equipment and keep heading up. As he reached close to the floors that were burning, he remembers hearing a loud rumbling noise. The lights flickered and they felt wind on their backs. Kevin was lifted off his feet and thrown over a set of turnstiles across the lobby and into the wall. It felt like an atomic blast. Kevin says. He couldnt see or hear. Then in the darkness he heard Engine 238, Engine 238. The lieutenant was regrouping them. They found a way out and noticed that the tower was beginning to collapse, he began to run but he knew he couldnt escape the debris. He luckily survived the debris without a scratch, but the lieutenant was not seen anywhere. It was the most difficult thing Kevin has ever done. The lieutenan...

Professional Practice in Critical Care - Critical Incident Analysis Essay

Professional Practice in Critical Care - Critical Incident Analysis - Essay Example The process of withdrawal of ventilatory support was also explained to the parents. However they did not want the ventilatory support to be withdrawn till the patient’s sister had arrived from Canada in 48 hrs. Despite further explanations regarding the concept of brain stem death, the family threatened legal action for withdrawal of ventilatory support . The following day a senior consultant and senior nurse in the ICU came into the unit and were informed of the situation and intervened. After lengthy discussions with the parents, ventilatory support was withdrawn. The heart stopped beating shortly after. The reason for examining these features in the case study is to gain an insight into the errors in the system and clarify human error in the cause of such incidents. This is a key characteristic of critical incident reporting (Buckley, Short, Rowbottom & Oh, 1997). A review of these features helps in highlighting the problems and paves the way for quality assurance through implementation of preventative measures to control such incidents. By analysing these key features, the critical incident analysis assists in identifying areas of improvement within the ICU. Brain stem death has been accepted as death of the individual in the United Kingdom since 1976, when the royal colleges published criteria for making a diagnosis of what was then called brain death (Royal Colleges, 1976). With advances in life support, the line between who is alive and who is dead has become blurred (Capron ,1995).Life support technologies introduced in the 20th century have produced a new kind of patient - one whose brain does not function, but whose heart and lungs continue to work (Center for Bio Ethics, 2005). Trachtman (2003) states that â€Å"technological advances in sustaining life might increase the difficulty in making the diagnosis of death†. And, while medicine diagnoses brain stem death as death, it may still be difficult for family to accept the death while the

Conflict in America Legalizing Marijuana Research Paper

Conflict in America Legalizing Marijuana - Research Paper Example During the previous government, this drug was illegal; however, when Obama’s government took power, it legalized marijuana and several states followed suit. This did not amuse the federal government, who were opposed to the move; it criticized the act and even went forth to pronounce legal action on those states and people found trading marijuana. Since this is an issue that may threaten national stability in the United States, it can be resolved by having the two bodies harmonize and come up with the best solution, rather than living with disputes. Keywords: Marijuana, State Laws, Federal Laws Every new government in the US comes with its own laws that favor it; the laws made reflect the promises of the new government and its political party. During the reign of President George W. Bush between the years 2001 to 2009, the government had enforced laws against marijuana. It took actions against those who dealt with the drug. However, when the government of President Obama took office, there was a different approach on marijuana; the government no longer took actions against those who were trading on the drug. According to Morgan (2011), the attorney general announced that the government was no longer going to deal with issues of marijuana peddling anymore. The announcement caused a lot of uproar from those who did not support the idea. The memorandum by the attorney general acknowledged the presence of conflict on marijuana between the federal and the state laws. As at present, the federal laws prohibit all deals on marijuana and according to the US drug enforcement administration, marijuana lacks a safe way of using it and has a high potential of becoming abused (Morgan, 2011). On the other hand, the state laws do not conform to the federal laws. An example of this is California, which became the first state to legalize marijuana, and 15 other states soon followed it. The many conflicts surrounding marijuana are not only found at federal and state domain s. This issue is also present in the medical domain; there are two contrasting arguments of medics concerning marijuana, with one group arguing that the use of marijuana has no effect to the body and the other arguing that it has effects. The American thoracic society reported that most marijuana users had no increased lung infections, while the British lung foundation had filed a report in 2002 citing the adverse effects of marijuana in the human body (Morgan, 2011). Conflict on marijuana is a major issue and of great concern. The greatest effect to Obama’s government is in the political arena. This is because most of those who are opposed to the move could use this chance to ambush an attack to the government, especially given that during the reign of the Republican Party, Marijuana was banned. Democrats’ risk losing their popularity among anti-marijuana citizens and organizations. Most international organizations and nations classify marijuana as a drug and in most countries, its use and trade is prohibited and punished by law. Permission by American government to its citizens to trade and use marijuana offers risks to the country; these include risks of losing reputation amongst international communities among others. In the New York Times, Savage (2012) informs that, â€Å"Several had cautioned that the issue had raised several legal and complex issues†. The complex issues were based on international antidrug